Herpangina is a viral infection mainly affecting children, causing fever, sore throat, and painful ulcers in the mouth and throat. It is often confused with other throat infections due to similar symptoms.
Though typically not dangerous, herpangina can be uncomfortable and disruptive, especially for young children.
Understanding what causes it, how it spreads, and the best ways to manage the symptoms can help individuals recover more quickly and prevent the spread of the virus to others.
In this article, we’ll explore the causes of herpangina, how it is contracted, and the most effective ways to treat and manage the infection.
What is Herpangina?
Herpangina is a viral infection that mostly affects children but can also occur in adults. It is caused by enteroviruses like coxsackievirus and echovirus leading to fever sore throat and painful ulcers in the mouth and throat.
Typically occurring in late summer or early fall, it is different from strep throat, which is bacterial.
Although herpangina usually resolves within a week without serious complications, it can be uncomfortable. This article explores the causes transmission symptoms and treatment of herpangina.
What is the Main Cause of Herpangina?
Herpangina is mainly caused by enteroviruses, particularly the coxsackievirus A group, including types A16 and A6. It spreads through respiratory droplets or by touching contaminated surfaces.
The infection is highly contagious, especially in the early stages, and is most common in children aged 3 to 10 years.
While it can also affect adults, it usually resolves on its own within a week, with infants under one year old at higher risk for complications.
How Do You Get Rid of Herpangina?
There is no specific antiviral treatment for herpangina, and the infection generally resolves on its own within a few days to a week. However, there are several ways to alleviate symptoms and help the body recover more comfortably.
Pain Relief
The most common symptom of herpangina is a sore throat due to painful ulcers that form on the roof of the mouth, the back of the throat, or the tonsils.
Over the counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce pain and fever. It is important to follow the proper dosage guidelines and avoid giving aspirin to children, as it can increase the risk of a serious condition called Reye’s syndrome.
Hydration
Staying hydrated is crucial when dealing with any infection, especially when mouth ulcers make swallowing painful.
Drinking cool, soothing liquids such as water, diluted fruit juices, or electrolyte drinks can help keep the body hydrated.
Cold foods like popsicles or ice cream may also provide temporary relief from the discomfort of mouth sores. It is essential to avoid acidic or spicy foods that could further irritate the ulcers.
Saltwater Gargle
Gargling with a warm saltwater solution can help reduce throat pain and inflammation. To make the gargle, mix about one teaspoon of salt in a cup of warm water.
Gargle for 30 seconds several times a day. This can help soothe the throat and remove any bacteria or viruses from the mouth and throat.
Topical Treatments
Some people find relief from mouth ulcers by using topical gels or ointments designed for mouth sores. These products can be applied directly to the ulcers to reduce pain and speed up the healing process. Examples of over the counter topical treatments include those containing benzocaine or lidocaine.
Rest and Comfort
Just like any other viral infection, getting plenty of rest is important for the body’s immune system to fight off the infection.
Ensure that the affected person gets enough sleep and avoids strenuous activities. Keeping the body relaxed can help speed up the healing process.
How Long Does Herpangina Last?
Herpangina typically lasts 3 to 7 days, with fever and mouth ulcers being the main symptoms in the first few days.
Afterward, the fever subsides and the ulcers begin to heal though discomfort may continue for a few days.
If symptoms persist beyond a week or worsen it could indicate a secondary bacterial infection or another underlying condition.
Is Herpangina the Same as Strep Throat?
Herpangina is not the same as strep throat. Herpangina is caused by a virus while strep throat is a bacterial infection.
Although both conditions cause sore throat and fever, herpangina mainly results in mouth ulcers while strep throat causes severe throat pain with redness swelling and white patches on the tonsils.
Strep throat requires antibiotics, but herpangina does not. A rapid strep test can confirm strep throat, while herpangina is diagnosed based on symptoms and medical history.
Do You Need Antibiotics for Herpangina?
No, antibiotics aren’t needed for herpangina as it’s caused by a virus, not bacteria. Antibiotics work only for bacterial infections, not viral ones like herpangina. It usually resolves on its own, with treatment focusing on symptom relief.
In rare cases of a secondary bacterial infection like pneumonia, antibiotics may be used, but it’s uncommon.
Pneumonia is more serious and can stem from bacterial infections. If suspected, a healthcare provider will diagnose and may prescribe antibiotics or other treatments.
Conclusion
Herpangina is a viral infection that is most common in children and caused by enteroviruses, particularly the coxsackievirus. It is characterized by fever, a sore throat, and painful ulcers in the back of the mouth and throat.
The infection typically resolves on its own within a week, and treatment mainly involves managing symptoms, staying hydrated, and providing pain relief.
Although herpangina can be uncomfortable, it is generally not considered dangerous, and complications are rare.
If you or your child experience prolonged or worsening symptoms, or if you are uncertain about the diagnosis, it’s always best to consult with a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and advice.
